Capsicum
Sun Scald
Sunlight and High Temperature
Abiotic Stress
Sunlight and High Temperature
Abiotic Stress
Sunlight and High Temperature
Abiotic Stress
Sunscald is a physiological disorder that affects the fruit of capsicum plants, particularly during hot weather when temperatures rise and sunlight becomes intense. This condition occurs when previously shaded fruits are suddenly exposed to direct sunlight, leading to a series of detrimental effects on the fruit's tissue.
Signs and Symptoms:
- Initial Symptoms: The affected fruit begins to develop small patches of discoloration on the surface.
- Tissue Changes: As the condition progresses, the tissue becomes soft and wrinkled, forming sunken dead areas on the sides exposed to sunlight.
- Color and Texture: Eventually, the damaged areas turn tannish-white and become papery in texture.
- Secondary Infections: Saprophytic fungi and bacteria may attack these damaged tissues, leading to further discoloration and rotting.
Sunscald is particularly prevalent in plants with sparse foliage or those that have lost leaves due to diseases, exposing the fruits to direct sunlight. This damage not only affects the fruit's appearance but also increases vulnerability to insect attacks and further fungal or bacterial infections.
Prevention and Control Measures:
Maintain Healthy Plants: Ensure plants are well-nourished and have plenty of foliage. Regular watering and fertilization with low-nitrogen or slow-release fertilizers at planting and during full blossom can help.
Provide Shade: Cover exposed fruits with lightweight materials, such as shade cloth, to shield them from intense sunlight.
Control Leaf Diseases: Implement practices to prevent leaf defoliation, which exposes fruits to sunscald. These include crop rotation, proper sanitation, and the use of fungicides to manage diseases effectively.
By taking these proactive measures, growers can help protect their capsicum crops from sunscald, ensuring healthier fruit and improved yields.
