Wilt disease in ginger is a significant issue caused by soilborne bacteria, primarily affecting ginger rhizomes and leading to severe crop losses. The disease spreads through contaminated rhizomes used for planting and infected soil, and it is exacerbated by improper sanitation practices on the farm. Once the pathogen enters the plant through wounds or natural openings, it invades the vascular system, causing the plant to wilt and eventually die, particularly under high temperatures. The disease is difficult to manage due to the pathogen's ability to persist in the soil for years, making crop rotation, careful selection of planting material, and sanitation critical for effective management. Below are key details regarding the disease:

1. Primary Sources: Infected rhizomes and contaminated soil.
2. Transmission: Spread through infected rhizomes, soil, equipment, and irrigation water.
3. Infection Process: Enters through wounds or natural openings, causing xylem blockage.
4. Symptoms: Leaf folding, chlorosis, necrosis, wilting, and blackening of the rhizome.
5. Survival: Pathogen can persist in soil for several years, with alternative weed hosts.
6. Disease Management: Use of pathogen-free rhizomes, tissue-cultured plants, hot-air treatment, crop rotation, and sanitation practices are essential.